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icy Watch: Brief Analysis of the Intellectual Property Sections of Three Influential International Trade Agreements and one Bilateral Trade Agreement
performer or producer is also required, and the need （3）保护期
for the authorization of the performer or producer does
not cease to exist because the authorization of the au- CPTPP规定作品、表演或录音制品的保护期，
thor is also required.16 Such provisions are not set forth 若是自然人，由伯尔尼公约规定的死后五十年延
in RCEP. 长至七十年，若是法人的，由伯尔尼公约规定的
(3) Terms of Protection 首次发表后的五十年延长至七十年。著作权及其
CPTPP states that, with respect to the terms of pro- 相关权的保护期限延长了二十年。
tection of works, performance or phonograms, if the
right holder is a natural person, the term shall be not 2. 商标
less than 70 years after its death, extended from 50
years pursuant to the Berne Convention; if it is a legal （1）可注册为商标的类型
person, the term shall be 70 years after its first publi-
cation, extended from 50 years pursuant to the Berne CPTPP和 RCEP规 定 的 商 标 保 护 客 体 基 本 与
Convention. The term of protection of copyright and TRIPs第15条一致，但是CPTPP可注册为商标的
the related rights has been extended 20 years. 标记类型之规定进一步突破了TRIPs第15条的规
定，取消了商标注册时的“可被视觉感知”之要
2. Trademarks 求，增加了气味作为商标法保护的客体17。
(1) Types of Signs Registrable as Trademarks （2）驰名商标的保护
The subject matters protected by trademark provided CPTPP弱化了驰名商标注册之要件，将未注册
in CPTPP and RCEP are basically the same as TRIPs, 驰名商标的保护从同类保护延伸至跨类，扩大了
Article 15. However, the types of signs registrable as 驰名商标的保护范围。RCEP仅禁止在相同或类
trademarks set forth in CPTPP further breakthrough 似货物或服务上使用与驰名商标相同或近似的商
the regulations of TRIPs, Article 15, by removing the 标，对不相同或不相似的商品或服务未作明确规
requirement of being “visually perceptible” for trade- 定。但是CPTPP明确对于在不相同或不相似的
mark registration, and adding odor as a subject matter 货物或服务上使用的商标，无论是否注册，只要
protected by trademark law.17 表明与驰名商标直接存在联系且驰名商标所有权
人利益可能受到损害，均应当禁止18。
(2) Well-Known Trademarks
（3）恶意商标
CPTPP reduced some requirements for registration
as well-known trademarks, where not only same-class RCEP和ETA要求驳回恶意商标申请或注销恶意
protection, but also cross-class protection of the un- 商标注册，而CPTPP无相关规定。
registered well-known trademarks can be obtained,
which expands the scope of protection of well-known CPTPP第18.28条对于域名与第18.29条对于国名
trademark. RCEP only prohibits the use of a trade- 之保护规定，填补了TRIPs中未对域名有规定的
mark identical or similar to a well-known trademark 空白，同时赋予利害关系人以适格主体身份对因
on the identical or similar goods or services, while it 国名的商业性适用导致消费者误认货物原产地之
does not regulate goods or services that are not identi- 行为进行权利救济。第18.47条提供了对农业化
cal or similar. However, CPTPP specifies that the use 学品未披露数据或其他数据的类专利权保护。
of a trademark on goods or services that are not identi-
cal or similar to those identified by a well-known trade- 17 《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》第三节：商标,
第18.18条
16 CPTPP, Section H: Copyright and Related Rights, Article 18 《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》第三节：商标,
18.61 CPTPP, Section C: Trademarks, Article 18.18 第18.22条
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performer or producer is also required, and the need （3）保护期
for the authorization of the performer or producer does
not cease to exist because the authorization of the au- CPTPP规定作品、表演或录音制品的保护期，
thor is also required.16 Such provisions are not set forth 若是自然人，由伯尔尼公约规定的死后五十年延
in RCEP. 长至七十年，若是法人的，由伯尔尼公约规定的
(3) Terms of Protection 首次发表后的五十年延长至七十年。著作权及其
CPTPP states that, with respect to the terms of pro- 相关权的保护期限延长了二十年。
tection of works, performance or phonograms, if the
right holder is a natural person, the term shall be not 2. 商标
less than 70 years after its death, extended from 50
years pursuant to the Berne Convention; if it is a legal （1）可注册为商标的类型
person, the term shall be 70 years after its first publi-
cation, extended from 50 years pursuant to the Berne CPTPP和 RCEP规 定 的 商 标 保 护 客 体 基 本 与
Convention. The term of protection of copyright and TRIPs第15条一致，但是CPTPP可注册为商标的
the related rights has been extended 20 years. 标记类型之规定进一步突破了TRIPs第15条的规
定，取消了商标注册时的“可被视觉感知”之要
2. Trademarks 求，增加了气味作为商标法保护的客体17。
(1) Types of Signs Registrable as Trademarks （2）驰名商标的保护
The subject matters protected by trademark provided CPTPP弱化了驰名商标注册之要件，将未注册
in CPTPP and RCEP are basically the same as TRIPs, 驰名商标的保护从同类保护延伸至跨类，扩大了
Article 15. However, the types of signs registrable as 驰名商标的保护范围。RCEP仅禁止在相同或类
trademarks set forth in CPTPP further breakthrough 似货物或服务上使用与驰名商标相同或近似的商
the regulations of TRIPs, Article 15, by removing the 标，对不相同或不相似的商品或服务未作明确规
requirement of being “visually perceptible” for trade- 定。但是CPTPP明确对于在不相同或不相似的
mark registration, and adding odor as a subject matter 货物或服务上使用的商标，无论是否注册，只要
protected by trademark law.17 表明与驰名商标直接存在联系且驰名商标所有权
人利益可能受到损害，均应当禁止18。
(2) Well-Known Trademarks
（3）恶意商标
CPTPP reduced some requirements for registration
as well-known trademarks, where not only same-class RCEP和ETA要求驳回恶意商标申请或注销恶意
protection, but also cross-class protection of the un- 商标注册，而CPTPP无相关规定。
registered well-known trademarks can be obtained,
which expands the scope of protection of well-known CPTPP第18.28条对于域名与第18.29条对于国名
trademark. RCEP only prohibits the use of a trade- 之保护规定，填补了TRIPs中未对域名有规定的
mark identical or similar to a well-known trademark 空白，同时赋予利害关系人以适格主体身份对因
on the identical or similar goods or services, while it 国名的商业性适用导致消费者误认货物原产地之
does not regulate goods or services that are not identi- 行为进行权利救济。第18.47条提供了对农业化
cal or similar. However, CPTPP specifies that the use 学品未披露数据或其他数据的类专利权保护。
of a trademark on goods or services that are not identi-
cal or similar to those identified by a well-known trade- 17 《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》第三节：商标,
第18.18条
16 CPTPP, Section H: Copyright and Related Rights, Article 18 《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》第三节：商标,
18.61 CPTPP, Section C: Trademarks, Article 18.18 第18.22条
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